Tangganshan

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Location - China

Age (of protore) - Neoproterozoic: ca. 660 Ma

Original size - 1 million tonnes of Mn

References

Feng, L. J., Chu, X. L., Huang, J., Zhang, Q. R., & Chang, H. J. (2010). Reconstruction of paleo-redox conditions and early sulfur cycling during deposition of the Cryogenian Datangpo Formation in South China. Gondwana Research, 18(4), 632-637.

Liu, T-B., Maynard, J.B., and Alten, J., 2006, Superheavy S isotopes from glacier-associated sediments of the Neoproterozoic of south China: Oceanic anoxia or sulfate limitation?, in Kesler, S.E., and Ohmoto, H., eds., Evolution of Early Earth's Atmosphere, Hydrosphere and Biosphere--Constraints from Ore Deposits: Boulder CO, Geological Society of America, Memoir 198, p. 205-222.

Zhu, K-J., and Yao, G-L., 2000, Geochemical characteristics of Sinian manganese deposits of China: Acta Geologica Sinica, v. 74, p. 534-539.

Zhang, B-G., Chen, G-X., and Chen, J-Y., 1988, Mineralgoy and geochemistry of a strata-bound manganese deposit in the in the Tangganshan region of south China: Geochimica, v. 2, p. 67-75.

 

major elements - trace elements - rare-earth elements - REE normalized - isotopes

Major Elements, oxide percent

 

Sample location
Sample no.

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

%
MnO
Fe2O3t
SiO2
Al203
CaO
MgO
K2O
Na2O
P205
Ti02
LOI

Average
Mn carb
 47.9 5.08 12.4 3.26 3.17 1.85 0.73 0.07 0.26 0.30 25.9
TG-4  Mn ore
59.5
2.91
0.50
0.24
4.70
2.51
0.02
0.09
0.30
0.05
31.6
TG-5  Mn ore
56.4
4.59
6.03
2.54
2.90
1.12
0.04
0.07
0.26
0.30
26.1
TG-3  Mn ore
27.9
7.74
30.6
6.99
1.90
1.93
2.12
0.06
0.21
0.56
19.9
TG-9   shale
20.6
9.46
33.4
6.82
8.40
1.46
0.21
0.34
0.61
0.49
17.7
TG-6    shale
12.5
6.34
50.9
9.68
5.24
3.63
0.55
0.10
0.24
0.74
10.9
TG-8       shale
6.99
7.22
50.0
11.9
2.03
3.64
4.98
0.20
0.34
0.68
12.6
TG-7      shale
1.57
4.02
56.2
15.9
0.85
1.90
9.18
0.13
0.16
0.81
8.97

 

Trace elements, ppm

 

 

ppm

ppm

ppm

ppm

ppm

ppm

ppm

ppm

ppm

ppm

ppm

ppm

ppm

ppm

ppm

ppm

ppm

ppm

ppm

 
As
Ba
Cd
Co
Cr
Cu
Mo
Nb
Ni
Pb
Rb
Sc
Sr
Th
U
V
Y
Zn
Zr

Average

 72.2 132       49.5 34.7 24.7 66.3 65.3 19.4   60.8 5.8 1.4 144.3 36.6 20.0 51.0
TG-4 
29.6
48.7
    
<5
4
15
27
31
0.9
93.3
1
0.47
29
33.4
20
26
TG-5 
66
51.4
16
9
35
63
104
1.7
45.6
5.5
1.32
131
48.2
18
40
TG-3 
121
296
83
91
24
109
61
55.7
43.6
11
2.41
273
28.2
22
87
TG-9  
92.4
69.8
99
45
18
77
66
7
174
11.7
3.3
160
56.7
76
90
TG-6   
61.1
100
136
101
23
149
90
21.4
86
18.1
5.18
348
58.9
41
148
TG-8      
61.1
1090
62
79
19
61
25
94.1
207
13.3
4.01
269
51.2
131
169
TG-7     
13.2
1510
43
19
18
71
36
215
328
16.6
3.53
173
58.6
53
238

blank or nr = not reported; bd = below detection

Rare-earth elements, ppm

 
Sample
La
Ce
Pr
Nd
Sm
Eu
Gd
Tb
Dy 
Ho 
Er 
Tm 
Yb
Lu

Average

 32.6 93.4 7.8 31.6 6.9 2.1 6.8 1.11 7.5 1.4 4.3 0.6 3.5 0.5
TG-4  29.1 92.5 7.54 31.1 6.8 2.2 7.19 1.17 6.88 1.42 4.23 0.5 2.8 0.33
TG-5  34.8 105 8.36 34.5 8.4 2.49 7.85 1.31 9.1 1.67 4.84 0.66 4.2 0.52
TG-3  34 82.7 7.35 29.2 5.4 1.5 5.37 0.84 6.4 1.19 3.73 0.55 3.4 0.59
TG-9   54.4 170 14 58.6 12.3 2.68 12.6 1.84 12.9 2.31 6.41 0.87 5.2 0.72
TG-6    61.6 155 14 59.8 9.9 1.95 11.5 2.09 14.5 2.82 8.32 1.08 7.5 1.18
TG-8       42 88.8 10.1 43.1 9.3 2.14 10.2 1.53 10.5 1.81 5.36 0.73 4.7 0.72
TG-7      54.9 111 12.8 51.3 10.9 1.52 10 1.55 11.5 2.19 5.59 0.76 5 0.76
M-30 29.79 93.71 9.42 34.34 7.48 1.56 8.1 1.56 9.25 1.73 4.68 0.71 3.91 0.52
M-32 36.91 113.5 11.68 41.41 8.5 1.87 7.63 1.41 7.81 1.5 4.05 0.64 3.34 0.45

Rare-earth elements,

normalized to chondritic values of Taylor & McLennan (1992)
Sample
LaN
CeN
PrN
NdN
SmN
EuN
GdN
TbN
YbN
Ce/Ce*
Eu/Eu*
LaN/YbN

Average
88.9
97.6
56.6
44.4
29.7
23.7
22.2
19.1
30.1
1.377
0.917
3.011
 1.5251 0.9834 2.8073
TG-4  79.3 96.7 55.0 43.7 29.4 25.3 23.5 20.2 27.7 1.463 0.962 2.858
TG-5  94.8 109.7 61.0 48.5 36.4 28.6 25.7 22.6 36.7 1.442 0.937 2.584
TG-3  92.6 86.4 53.6 41.1 23.4 17.2 17.5 14.5 25.8 1.226 0.851 3.590
TG-9   148.2 177.6 102.2 82.4 53.2 30.8 41.2 31.7 52.0 1.443 0.658 2.850
TG-6    167.8 162.0 102.2 84.1 42.9 22.4 37.6 36.0 58.5 1.237 0.558 2.871
TG-8       114.4 92.8 73.7 60.6 40.3 24.6 33.3 26.4 42.3 1.010 0.671 2.703
TG-7      149.6 116.0 93.4 72.2 47.2 17.5 32.7 26.7 46.4 0.981 0.445 3.226
M-30 81.2 97.9 68.8 48.3 32.4 17.9 26.5 26.9 15.8 1.311 0.612 5.148      
M-32 100.6 118.6 85.3 58.2 36.8 21.5 24.9 24.3 13.5 1.281 0.710 7.468      

Isotopes
Sample
 %S δ34S , sulfide %S host δ34S host, sulfide δ13C pdb δ18O pdb δ18O smow Corg % Ccarb % mineralogy
Average
2.7857
28.26
4.71
30.49
3.2057
6.981
TG-4  1.32
23.78
2.45
10.16
  
TG-5  2.60 29.59           3.29 7.19  
TG-3  4.45 31.41           3.88 3.60  
TG-9       7.08 30.48       3.48 3.85  
TG-6      1.76       4.02 1.25  
TG-8           5.24 31.07       4.34 0.60  
TG-7          3.53 29.70       4.26 0.00