El Kafala - Mn oxide deposit on oceanic crust
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Location - Afar rift
Age (of protore) - 1 Ma
Original size - < 1 million tonnes of Mn
References
Bonatti, E., Fisher, D.E., Joensuu, O., Rydell, H.S., and Beyth, M., 1972, Iron-manganese-barium deposit from the northern Afar Rift (Ethiopia): Economic Geology, v. 62, p. 717-730.
major elements - trace elements - rare-earth elements - REE normalized - isotopes
Major Elements, oxide percent
|
||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
% |
% |
% |
% |
% |
% |
% |
% |
% |
% |
% |
|
MnO |
Fe2O3t |
SiO2 |
Al203 |
CaO |
MgO |
K2O |
Na2O |
TiO2 |
P205 |
LOI |
||
Average
|
Mn oxide |
55.4 |
0.52 |
2.59 |
0.77 |
0.11 |
0.10 |
|||||
| 1a | pyrolusite, massive | 82.5 | 0.14 | 0.10 | 0.00 | 0.02 | 0.10 | |||||
| 9ab | birnessite, porous | 70.0 | 0.21 | 0.10 | 0.00 | 0.13 | 0.11 | |||||
| 1 | pyrolusite, massive | 61.1 | 0.04 | 0.10 | 0.13 | 0.01 | 0.04 | |||||
| 4a | todorokite, powdery | 47.5 | 0.29 | 8.75 | 2.08 | 0.32 | 0.15 | |||||
| 9a | birnessite, porous | 40.3 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.15 | 0.01 | 0.06 | |||||
| 4 | todorokite, powdery | 31.0 | 2.35 | 6.42 | 2.27 | 0.15 | 0.15 | |||||
| 7a | goethite | 0.39 | 31.46 | 44.45 | 10.96 | 2.34 | 0.19 | |||||
| 7 | goethite | 0.22 | 34.32 | 29.95 | 7.18 | 0.95 | 0.15 | |||||
| 6 | goethite | 0.19 | 41.47 | 29.95 | 6.99 | 0.93 | 1.47 | |||||
| smectite | 0.30 | 6.15 | 57.33 | 11.72 | 0.78 | 0.19 | ||||||
Trace elements, ppm
|
|||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
ppm |
ppm |
ppm |
ppm |
ppm |
ppm |
ppm |
ppm |
ppm |
ppm |
ppm |
ppm |
ppm |
ppm |
ppm |
ppm |
ppm |
ppm |
ppm |
|
As |
Ba |
Cd |
Co |
Cr |
Cu |
Mo |
Nb |
Ni |
Pb |
Rb |
Sc |
Sr |
Th |
U |
V |
Y |
Zn |
Zr |
| avg | 31200 | 5 |
4 |
9 |
8 |
3 |
1 |
3 |
11 |
||||||||||
| 1a | 19700 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
<10 |
||||||||||||
| 9ab | 58000 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
<10 |
||||||||||||
| 1 | 7250 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
0.68 |
4.00 |
|||||||||||
| 4a | 20000 |
<5 |
<10 |
25 |
20 |
4 |
<5 |
<10 |
|||||||||||
| 9a | 62500 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
0.70 |
2.00 |
|||||||||||
| 4 | 19750 |
17 |
14 |
22 |
17 |
5 |
1.17 |
3.70 |
11 |
<10 |
|||||||||
| 7a | 140 |
22 |
90 |
60 |
22 |
27 |
180 |
25 |
90 |
||||||||||
| 7 | 140 |
18 |
40 |
45 |
<5 |
18 |
1.40 |
0.45 |
138 |
19 |
140 |
||||||||
| 6 | 135 |
17 |
55 |
11 |
18 |
16 |
1.24 |
0.45 |
160 |
22 |
95 |
||||||||
270 |
16 |
117 |
47 |
42 |
17 |
4.60 |
1.60 |
157 |
20 |
117 |
|||||||||
blank or nr = not reported; bd = below detection
Rare-earth elements, ppm
|
||||||||||||||
| Sample | La |
Ce |
Pr |
Nd |
Sm |
Eu |
Gd |
Tb |
Dy |
Ho |
Er |
Tm |
Yb |
Lu |
Rare-earth elements, normalized to chondritic values of Taylor & McLennan (1992) |
|||||||||||||||
Sample |
LaN |
CeN |
PrN |
NdN |
SmN |
EuN |
GdN |
TbN |
YbN |
Ce/Ce* |
Eu/Eu* |
LaN/YbN |
Ce/Ce* @Al=0 |
Eu/Eu* @Al=0 |
LaN/YbN @Al=0 |
Isotopes |
|||||||||
Sample |
TC % | TOC % | Ccarb % | δ13C pdb | δ18O pdb | δ18O smow | Stotal % | δ34S sulfide | 87Sr/86Sr |
