Composition of Mn ore types
Major elements
Average of reported compositions of selected major elements from Mn deposits of various types |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Average size, Mt |
% |
% |
% |
% |
% |
% |
% |
|
|
MnO |
Fe2O3tot |
SiO2 |
Al2O3 |
TiO2 |
P2O5 |
LOI |
||
Sediment-hosted |
51 |
31 |
6.2 |
18.4 |
3.6 |
0.16 |
0.61 |
22.8 |
|
Karst-hosted |
3 |
48 |
14.9 |
5.6 |
8.0 |
0.14 |
0.41 |
12.3 |
|
Volcanic-hosted |
27 |
42 |
10.5 |
21.3 |
4.4 |
0.17 |
0.19 |
9.3 |
|
Supergene |
6 |
39 |
6.2 |
27.7 |
3.5 |
0.19 |
0.20 |
11.8 |
|
Representative source rocks (USGS standards) |
|||||||||
Peridotite DTS1 |
0.121 |
8.7 |
40.4 |
0.2 |
0.01 |
0.002 |
0.58 |
||
Basalt DNC1 |
0.149 |
9.9 |
47.0 |
18.3 |
0.48 |
0.09 |
0.60 |
||
Andesite AGV1 |
0.092 |
6.8 |
58.8 |
17.1 |
1.05 |
0.49 |
1.20 |
||
Quartz latite QLO1 |
0.093 |
4.4 |
65.6 |
16.2 |
0.62 |
0.25 |
0.62 |
||
Rhyolite RGM1 |
0.036 |
1.9 |
73.5 |
13.7 |
0.27 |
0.05 |
1.10 |
||
Trace elements
Average of reported compositions of selected trace elements from Mn deposits of various types |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
ppm |
ppm |
ppm |
ppm |
ppm |
ppm |
ppm |
ppm |
ppm |
|
Ba |
Co |
Cr |
Cu |
Mo |
Ni |
Pb |
V |
Zn |
Sediment-hosted |
4812 |
232 |
237 |
55 |
13 |
217 |
132 |
98 |
89 |
Karst-hosted1 |
11305 |
3215 |
122 |
788 |
6 |
2629 |
263 |
310 |
387 |
Volcanic-hosted |
3313 |
289 |
56 |
209 |
12 |
256 |
43 |
119 |
143 |
Supergene |
6900 |
116 |
39 |
1582 |
383 |
123 |
2138 |
215 |
600 |
Representative source rocks (USGS standards) |
|||||||||
Peridotite DTS1 |
1.7 |
137 |
3990 |
7.1 |
0.14 |
2260 |
12 |
11 |
46 |
Basalt DNC1 |
103 |
55 |
285 |
96 |
0.7 |
247 |
6 |
148 |
66 |
Andesite AGV1 |
1226 |
15 |
10 |
60 |
27 |
16 |
36 |
121 |
88 |
Quartz latite QLO1 |
1370 |
7.2 |
3.2 |
29 |
2.6 |
5.8 |
20.4 |
54 |
61 |
Rhyolite RGM1 |
807 |
2 |
3.7 |
11.6 |
2.3 |
4.4 |
24 |
13 |
32 |
1trace element data for karst-hosted deposits is from only 5 deposits and therefore the averages should be regarded as less reliable |
|||||||||
High field-strength elements
High-field strength elements in Mn deposits and volcanic rocks. |
||||||||||||||||||
ppm, ppm/% oxide |
Nb |
Th |
Y |
Zr |
Nb/ Al2O3 |
Th/ Al2O3 |
Y/ Al2O3 |
Zr/ Al2O3 |
TiO2/ Al2O3 |
Zr/ TiO2 |
||||||||
Mn ores |
||||||||||||||||||
karst-hosted |
49 |
290 |
nd |
52 |
39 |
480 |
nd |
23 |
0.01 |
300 |
||||||||
sediment-hosted, primary |
7 |
5 |
22 |
33 |
3.5 |
1.8 |
15 |
19 |
0.05 |
230 |
||||||||
sediment-hosted, supergene |
5 |
3 |
85 |
53 |
1.6 |
1.3 |
14 |
31 |
0.11 |
400 |
||||||||
volcanic-hosted |
7 |
5 |
36 |
29 |
5.4 |
6.2 |
15 |
21 |
0.052 |
330 |
||||||||
Reference volcanic rocks (USGS standards) |
||||||||||||||||||
RGM1 |
8.9 |
15.1 |
25 |
219 |
0.65 |
1.10 |
1.82 |
16.0 |
0.02 |
820 |
||||||||
QLO1 |
10.3 |
4.5 |
24 |
185 |
0.64 |
0.28 |
1.48 |
11.4 |
0.04 |
296 |
||||||||
AGV1 |
15 |
6.5 |
20 |
227 |
0.88 |
0.38 |
1.17 |
13.2 |
0.06 |
216 |
||||||||
BCR1 |
14 |
5.98 |
38 |
190 |
1.03 |
0.44 |
2.79 |
13.9 |
0.16 |
85 |
||||||||
BHVO1 |
19 |
1.08 |
28 |
179 |
1.38 |
0.08 |
2.00 |
13.0 |
0.20 |
66 |
||||||||